http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm! E- J9 `7 H: d8 o: b0 m2 Y
Coughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version
7 u9 N6 {6 T# |' t& SCoughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).7 T! _0 j" b9 x: n6 _: p
# n- A2 a% G1 QHemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract." O. v3 Z) E1 b; `5 Y& _
3 z0 l) t- G% u' I8 R- pConsiderations0 O7 @! K+ ~8 T* R9 \
5 s& _; [ Q' BCoughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.
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Blood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.1 [7 k4 R# U& ~' j% z
2 E8 r: @: A( W) C8 n2 FCauses
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A number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including: H5 U- z. r% {0 U' y
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Blood clot in the lung6 {! f# l4 V! a7 d8 j' N
Breathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)
- k9 P/ j% d2 d1 o4 n+ KBronchoscopy with biopsy
3 q+ C2 x' q# z1 s& ?8 dBronchiectasis
6 _) e/ [2 y' Q4 L, n# YBronchitis1 N% Z J) m9 c1 L9 F' f
Cancer/ ~ q6 o) z. t+ X/ l! T$ X
Cystic fibrosis
8 z! L3 Q( p0 q0 \' EInflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)
T: P+ E; x, I) j1 N# ?9 j" EInjury to the arteries of the lungs
# a* x% d- S/ P. v$ e$ j8 Q- M! J( KIrritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)+ E) y/ ]* m7 N7 W6 g# l. } l) D
Pneumonia or other lung infections
% B6 Q- ]9 h6 FPulmonary edema/ b/ J, |& S" l1 K
Systemic lupus erythematosus
8 r& G% U. z( L. N. d; m, [1 | _Tuberculosis" L* V& Q7 r% w* N% J! g
Home Care
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Cough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.
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It is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.
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T" j$ g4 X! hWhen to Contact a Medical Professional2 R# x& {7 u$ r7 Z0 ^# ~- {) z
' C/ n$ s! A) a8 X3 a) O, L) CGet medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:
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A cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood
* i6 M" v; w7 c( l, eBlood in your urine or stools
( _4 m* z2 p. s7 x$ M# x/ q) o5 r5 NChest pain* Q. W5 `% M9 U, Y
Dizziness' E9 U- t1 E3 |- }. k2 s" R
Fever
) _+ }! l+ e" ]6 YLight-headedness
9 n0 U! B4 ~) ~( h4 P) G n5 MSevere shortness of breath. S: L, s' Q4 B m
What to Expect at Your Office Visit9 H+ k/ I6 c8 n6 X8 v
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In an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:
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Type) R9 K$ j7 T5 V* @% q
Are you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?
1 J; O5 W2 p f6 f" \' B0 }Can you see blood when you cough up something?
- N( q3 O5 n/ `, u! R: WHow many times have you coughed up blood?
8 g9 G$ |- d1 L6 M IIs there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?2 _7 ^) L; l7 q; v; d
Time pattern
. @$ \) c4 p+ u: GDid it begin suddenly?9 ?% ]) v+ `% @4 U/ o& C h
Has it increased recently?
$ Y- g) |% ` }8 BFor how many weeks has the cough lasted?
1 p2 ?. I9 B' ~1 r# a! k6 g1 Y" VIs the cough worse at night?
3 z: g: J0 d6 `0 ^What other symptoms do you have?
' ?4 M4 ~8 [4 i8 `: P9 \+ Y9 {+ @The doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:
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Bronchoscopy, a test to view the airways
M9 N- p1 I" u p% U- C* i8 z" IChest CT scan
! r! j) {1 C+ i3 u4 ^Chest x-ray
% E* P- D" L8 [. D0 U# C. zComplete blood count1 ?# G# m, N4 e! A q
Lung biopsy
# S) ^7 ?% K: ^6 D6 iLung scan
$ a- B( V4 @# V4 p- D0 CPulmonary arteriography& H% W4 o9 F7 q- q# o
Sputum culture and smear
/ O8 s4 `1 F* l0 ATest to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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